The focus of the study of the topic is the manifestation of Christian motifs in the works of the 20th-century Spanish writer Miguel Delibes 1920-2010, Valladolid, which is fully summarized in his later novel The Heretic 1998. The novel has a historical basis, tells us about the cruelty of the Inquisition against heretics. By writing about the ruthless treatment of the clergy of the 16th century Roman Catholic Church, about the royalist, disguised society, Delibes places on the same level the people under the oppression of the Catholic Church and the regime of General Franco in the 20th century. In this move, Delibes once again reminds us of the long-standing unhealthy state of Spain. Both Spain and the Spanish people are divided into two parts. By creating the novel The Heretic, Delibes tried to show how the powerful waves of dictatorship and war change the internal balance of society, not allowing a given country, in his case, his beloved Spain, to live peacefully, to live a normal life, and that even a great distance in time cannot improve the situation, and history repeats itself if nothing fundamentally changes.

KeywordsCiprianos heretic church faith nanny sin judgment.

This study examines the manifestation of Christian motifs in the work of the prominent 20th-century Spanish writer Miguel Delibes 1920–2010, focusing specifically on his final masterpiece, “The Heretic” 1998. Set against a historical backdrop, the novel explores the ruthless persecution of Protestant “heretics” by the 16th-century Spanish Inquisition. By depicting the clerical cruelty and the performative piety of a repressed society, Delibes draws a deliberate parallel between the ecclesiastical oppression of the Renaissance and the political regime of General Franco in the 20th century. Through this temporal lens, Delibes highlights the historical “unhealthiness” of a Spain divided. “The Heretic” serves as a profound meditation on how dictatorship and conflict disrupt social equilibrium, suggesting that without fundamental change, history is condemned to repeat itself, preventing the nation from achieving lasting peace.

KeywordsCipriano heretic Church faith nanny sin judgment

Gohar Karagyozyans book entitled «From Legend to Novel: Armenian Plots in the European Medieval Literary Tradition» was published by Gitutyun Publishing House of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia in 2026. It will undoubtedly mark an important milestone in the multidimensional understanding of the history of the world literature and the study of the intersections and interconnections between Armenian and foreign literatures. As the author stated in the books prologue, this work « is an attempt to trace the process of novelization, belletrisation and fictionalization of legends and tales circulating in Europe and containing an Armenian component – whether in the form of a plot motif, character image, or topos» [Karageozyan: 7].It is worth noting the authors innovative choice of topic, which is largely due to the fact that Gohar Karagyozyan, a senior researcher at the M. Abeghyan Institute of Literature, is a renowned specialist in literary comparative studies. Her first scholarly works were published in the 1980s. The new study is a definite continuation of the established tradition of the comparative research and poses meaningful questions, forcing us to think about parallels in European and Armenian culture, literature and history.

KeywordsEuropean medieval literature chivalric romance V. Propp Yu. Veselovsky King of Tarsus Melusine Hadji Baba.